{"id":26058,"date":"2016-08-09T22:00:54","date_gmt":"2016-08-09T15:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/?p=26058"},"modified":"2016-08-09T22:39:45","modified_gmt":"2016-08-09T15:39:45","slug":"ban-co-tung-tin-tuong-cuc-ki-vao-mot-dieu-gi-de-roi-sau-nay-nhan-ra-rang-chung-hoan-toan-sai-hay-khong-marcus-geduld","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/ban-co-tung-tin-tuong-cuc-ki-vao-mot-dieu-gi-de-roi-sau-nay-nhan-ra-rang-chung-hoan-toan-sai-hay-khong-marcus-geduld\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u1eebng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ef1c k\u00ec v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i sau n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai hay kh\u00f4ng? – Marcus Geduld"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Minds\"<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m:\u00a0M\u1ed9t\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00fd, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng. <\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i t\u1eebng tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy ngh\u0129 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. (\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i nghe m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00f4 l\u00fd \u2013 tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ecf – t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o h\u1ecd<\/em>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0, b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1eebng\u00a0n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: \u201cM\u1ed7i gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n trong \u0111\u00f3\u201d (M\u1ed7i gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh – ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang mong mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3). T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e2u n\u00e0y; t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u t\u1eeb Freud (m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n kinh h\u1ecdc) v\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 n\u00f3\u00a0c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 hi\u1ebfm khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1, v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u00e0 \u1ea5y gi\u1ecfi th\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111ang gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129: \u201cN\u1ebfu b\u00e0 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 l\u00fd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1eeb b\u00e0 n\u1eefa\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 ta\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i\u00a0l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1eadt l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y. Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9 b\u1eadt l\u00ean r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed7i khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u201cch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh\u201d nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem (m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 \u00fd th\u1ee9c) m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 \u2013 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 \u2013 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u00f3c logic c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t t\u00ed n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 l\u00fd \u1edf nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00f4i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, c\u00e0ng l\u00fac t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u minh ch\u1ee9ng cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u00e0i ba, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u2013 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129 th\u1eadt k\u00ec l\u1ea1. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u \u00a0\u201cB\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c\u00a0c\u00f3 l\u00fd\u00a0ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng\u00a0r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Tuy v\u1eady, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tin trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i sau \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tin. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u l\u00fd do nh\u01b0\u00a0\u201cB\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ng\u1ed1c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n tin v\u00e0o X\u201d. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i th\u00f4ng minh, v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o X. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n kinh, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i d\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n sang \u00fd th\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn. T\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chung v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt v\u00f4 l\u00fd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch hay nh\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 “Thinking, Fast and Slow” [1], “Predictably Irrational” [2], and “The Righteous Mind” [3].<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i nghe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 duy\u00a0trong Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c “l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean cao”. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t “H\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1ea5y tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m” sang “l\u1ea5y M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m”. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb “Ch\u00faa” sang l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Darwin r\u1eb1ng \u201cch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m “ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u00fd, ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 l\u00fd”\u00a0sang vi\u1ec7c tin r\u1eb1ng “t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb t\u00f4i \u2013 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn (v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng) v\u00f4 l\u00fd”, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 sang vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00f4 l\u00fd nh\u01b0 bao ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd thay, ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ed9 n\u00e3o t\u00f4i l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u00fd th\u00ec c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ph\u0169 ph\u00e0ng\u00a0\u2013 t\u00f4i v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng, do nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 n\u1ed5i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Marcus Geduld<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f4i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"main-thumb-1805029-200-9JScp8QCcc02sB8pAO8bFlJjVG64U2Wn\"<\/td>\nMarcus Geduld
\n<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 v\u0103nTh\u00edch kh\u1ee7ng long. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3t xem nh\u1ea5t trong h\u01a1n 81 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean Quora, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u00dd ch\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0110am m\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Profile c\u1ee7a Marcus\u00a0tr\u00ean Quora<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m:\u00a0M\u1ed9t\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00fd, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i t\u1eebng tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11736,"featured_media":26059,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2279],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26058"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11736"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26058"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26062,"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26058\/revisions\/26062"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26059"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarshipplanet.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}